Is Pace Overrated?
Leave it
to my colleague Ed DeRosa to make me
question one of my deepest-held handicapping beliefs — the notion that pace
makes the race. Never shy with his opinion (at least on topics of an equine
nature), I received the following missive from Ed prior to this week’s TwinSpires
podcast:
“I'm sick
of people overvaluing pace on the final figure. Fast horses go fast,” Ed opined
in an e-mail to me. “The Derby,
especially, doesn't help those with a turf dynamic. I don't want to hear how
the speed number is low because the pace was slow. You have to go fast in the
Derby to keep up.”
Ed
concluded by asking me for my thoughts, which, I must admit, were somewhat mixed…
at least at first. While I definitely saw the merit in what he was saying —
I’ve continually stressed that pace figures (even my own, which I love more
than Joanie loves Chachi)
are inferior to speed figures as predictive tools — I still fervently believed
that the early fractions of a race can greatly influence its final time. Hence,
I have always looked for Kentucky Derby contenders that appeared capable of comfortably coping with the -10 early
speed ration (ESR) they were likely to encounter in Louisville (since 1990, the
Derby pacesetter has averaged a -9.8 ESR).
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| (Click on image to enlarge) |
In fact,
this was one of the big reasons I downgraded the chances of I’ll Have Another
in last year’s Run for the Roses. In the “Cons” section of the 2012 Kentucky
Derby Guide I produced for Brisnet.com
(this year’s edition will be available starting next week) I wrote the
following:
“Doug O’Neill trainee has never won from further back than second at the first call, yet he’s recorded a -1 ESR in each his last two starts. Sorry, but that ain’t happening in Louisville. He’s either going to have to expend more energy early or come from further off the pace, neither of which he’s proven he can do.”Of course, I was right about the scenario that I’ll Have Another would face on the first Saturday in May of 2012 — not only was the son of Flower Alley seventh, back eight lengths, at the first call in the Derby that day, but he recorded a -6 ESR to boot. However, I was wrong about the ultimate impact of that scenario. As it turned out, I’ll Have Another had no trouble rallying from off the pace to capture the 138th running of America’s most famous horse race.
And that got me to thinking: Was Ed right? Is pace overrated when it comes to deciding who can and who cannot win the Kentucky Derby?
To answer
that question I first needed to determine what effect the pace of a race had on
its final speed figure. So I decided to find out by using my database of
thousands of races from tracks across the country. I conducted my survey as
follows:
1) I recorded the Brisnet speed figure (BSF) of random race winners and noted the general distance (route/sprint) and surface (dirt/turf/synthetic) at/over which those numbers were earned.
2) I subtracted the associated race pars from the speed figures obtained above, which allowed me to compare races from across the class spectrum. For example, if a particular race featured a par of 103 and the winner earned a 97 BSF, I would record its final speed rating as a -6 (97 – 103 = -6).
3) Lastly, I determined the average adjusted speed rating for a given range of ESRs earned by the first-call leader(s) of the races in question.
The results were startling:
1) I recorded the Brisnet speed figure (BSF) of random race winners and noted the general distance (route/sprint) and surface (dirt/turf/synthetic) at/over which those numbers were earned.
2) I subtracted the associated race pars from the speed figures obtained above, which allowed me to compare races from across the class spectrum. For example, if a particular race featured a par of 103 and the winner earned a 97 BSF, I would record its final speed rating as a -6 (97 – 103 = -6).
3) Lastly, I determined the average adjusted speed rating for a given range of ESRs earned by the first-call leader(s) of the races in question.
The results were startling:
 |
| (Click on image to enlarge) |
As
you can see, the ideal pace in terms of producing the best, or fastest, speed
rating on dirt is a moderate to brisk one (-5 to -9 ESR). This is true in both
sprints and routes (ignoring samples of fewer than 10 horses). On synthetic and
turf surfaces, the best Brisnet speed figures in relation to par
come in races featuring soft to moderate ESRs.
 |
| (Click on image to enlarge) |
However,
the real stunner — at least to me — is that slower relative
paces (higher
ESRs) don’t
appear to alter the winner’s speed figure that much and fast paces
(lower ESRs),
which many, myself included, have always assumed acted
as springboards to higher figs, in fact, did just the opposite — stifling
the
final speed rating across all categories, save turf sprints.
Interestingly, this jibes with an observation made by Andrew Beyer nearly 40 years ago. In the original Picking Winners, published in 1975, Beyer had this to say about pace:
Interestingly, this jibes with an observation made by Andrew Beyer nearly 40 years ago. In the original Picking Winners, published in 1975, Beyer had this to say about pace:
“A horse’s fractional times do not affect his final time. Horses are never ‘burned up’ by fast fractions. There is no such thing as a ‘killing pace.’”
"If
I wanted to test the influence of pace, I might have designed an experiment
like this: Have the early leaders in the Kentucky Derby run the fastest first
quarter-mile in the history of the race and judge its effect,” Beyer wrote in The
Winning Horseplayer, which was first published in 1994.
" … The Derby field was filled with brilliant speed horses, notably Proud Appeal and Cure the Blues. They all went charging for the lead, and a bullet named Top Avenger got it, running the quarter in 21-4/5 seconds — the fastest fraction at Churchill Downs in 107 years — and the half-mile in a swift :45-1/5. Every horse who was near this breathtaking pace collapsed. The horses who were running 1-2-3-4-5 after three-quarters of a mile finished 19-10-18-16-17. As they backed up, all the stretch runners and plodders passed them. The first five finishers at the end of the Derby were horses who had been running 15-19-10-17-20 after three-quarters.
"The winner, Pleasant Colony, was a genuinely good horse, but nondescript plodders like Woodchopper and Television Studio had rallied to finish ahead of superior horses like Cure the Blues and Proud Appeal by margins of 20 or 30 lengths,” Beyer pointed out. “The outcome of the Derby seemed to have relatively little to do with the ability of the horses; it was much more the result of pace."
Notice, however (and I think this is a key point), that Beyer’s “epiphany” does not actually relate to the final running time of the race (Ed’s point); it only pertains to individual contenders. And guess what? That blistering :45-1/5 opening half-mile in 1981 led to a very commonplace 2:02 final clocking — tied with six other editions as the 27th fastest Derby ever… hardly the stuff of legends.
Ed DeRosa 1, pace handicappers 0.
" … The Derby field was filled with brilliant speed horses, notably Proud Appeal and Cure the Blues. They all went charging for the lead, and a bullet named Top Avenger got it, running the quarter in 21-4/5 seconds — the fastest fraction at Churchill Downs in 107 years — and the half-mile in a swift :45-1/5. Every horse who was near this breathtaking pace collapsed. The horses who were running 1-2-3-4-5 after three-quarters of a mile finished 19-10-18-16-17. As they backed up, all the stretch runners and plodders passed them. The first five finishers at the end of the Derby were horses who had been running 15-19-10-17-20 after three-quarters.
"The winner, Pleasant Colony, was a genuinely good horse, but nondescript plodders like Woodchopper and Television Studio had rallied to finish ahead of superior horses like Cure the Blues and Proud Appeal by margins of 20 or 30 lengths,” Beyer pointed out. “The outcome of the Derby seemed to have relatively little to do with the ability of the horses; it was much more the result of pace."
Notice, however (and I think this is a key point), that Beyer’s “epiphany” does not actually relate to the final running time of the race (Ed’s point); it only pertains to individual contenders. And guess what? That blistering :45-1/5 opening half-mile in 1981 led to a very commonplace 2:02 final clocking — tied with six other editions as the 27th fastest Derby ever… hardly the stuff of legends.
Ed DeRosa 1, pace handicappers 0.
17 comments:
This whole piece is a non sequitor: Ed's premise that "fast horses go fast" is disputed by your example of the '81 derby, where the "fast" horses did not run a final fast time. Ed has a basic lack of understanding of equine [and human] physiology. Slow paces absolutely compromise final times, once a second is lost it cannot be made up. Disbelieve me? Head to your local track and test it on yourself. Love your stuff Derek, but in this case i'll chalk it up to a bad day at the office ! I'm confident you will bounce back strong with your next piece.
Ron: We all acknowledge that a horse can't run the Derby in 2 minutes if the mile went in 1:41.
My comment had more to do with not always blaming a slow final time (or final figure) on pace. Maybe the horses in question just aren't that fast. In order to run a 1:36 mile you have to get six furlongs in 1:14 (which would be a VERY slow pace for a mile). So, yeah, it's possible that the final time is slow because of "pace" or maybe the horse is just slow?
They will run six furlongs in 1:12 this year. A horse who can close the final half in :48 off that kind of pace will win the Derby. It's unlikely but possible. If the final time is 2:01, though, can a horse who was ten lengths off the pace going into the far turn win? He'd have to do it in :47. That's an extremely tall order.
Fast horses go fast. Going six furlongs in 1:15 isn't being a victim of pace. It's being slow.
Have you thought of doing a similar analysis with Beyer speed figures? You might find it instructional. Well, at least, I would like to observe the results.
I don't see anything about it very complicated...Having been at this game for well over 60 yrs in this game and I long ago came to a conclusion...only the horses know if the pace is fast or not!..have seen thousands of horses get tired on what we say was a slow pace and just as many not get tired on what we think is a fast pace..one thing is sure, when a horse tires it stops to a virtual walk...in that case, the slowest plodders can win
I think horses have a comfort zone that will result in their best effort. When a route race is run in an extreme fashion, jocks on closers tend to move from that comfort zone; either because they are afraid of a runaway sprinter getting away, or a slow pace compromising their chances to outsprint the pace in the stretch. The result is that no one runs their optimal race and the final times and speed figures reflect this.
Looking a pace the wrong way as most do...Final time has to be built on the interaction of all those that really create it and the passive ones (the deep movers) react to
Sometimes, I get the feeling that many handicapping theories come from the idiosyncrosies of the figures themselves.
"Looking a pace the wrong way as most do...Final time has to be built on the interaction of all those that really create it and the passive ones (the deep movers) react to."
This is a given, but it doesn't change the fact that the Derby tends to require a fairly specific type of interaction... and it's not the ability to close off of a :50 half.
Ed can talk for himself -- as anyone who's listened to the podcast knows (LOL) -- but I believe his point relates to giving EXTRA CREDIT to horses that ran slow in slow-paced races. I KNOW he doesn't believe that a slow pace is immaterial to the final time.
Still, my studies show that pace (again, within reason) is not as influential to the final time as one might think.
"I think horses have a comfort zone that will result in their best effort. When a route race is run in an extreme fashion, jocks on closers tend to move from that comfort zone; either because they are afraid of a runaway sprinter getting away, or a slow pace compromising their chances to outsprint the pace in the stretch. The result is that no one runs their optimal race and the final times and speed figures reflect this."
Completely agree with this. On a micro level, there is no question that pace influences WHO wins. The main thing I tried to address here is the effect of pace in terms of HOW a race is won.
In my opinion, it's because of this negligible effect of pace on time, that Andy Beyer initially dismissed pace as a factor altogether.
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